新加坡央行發(fā)布Fintech發(fā)展路線(xiàn)圖

文|譯者：潘妍媛 作者： TECH IN ASIA

11月21日訊，上周，新加坡首屆Fintech節(jié)拉開(kāi)帷幕。來(lái)自全球各地的創(chuàng)新實(shí)驗(yàn)室、fintech創(chuàng)企一同匯聚在這個(gè)城市國(guó)家，在為時(shí)2天的主會(huì)中，來(lái)自全球的公司和演講者將于參會(huì)者一起分享想法。新加坡金融管理局(MAS)局長(zhǎng)Ravi Menon說(shuō)，總計(jì)有50多個(gè)國(guó)家的11000名人士參加了本次大會(huì)，許多人都對(duì)金融科技的未來(lái)發(fā)展表示出了關(guān)心。

高度評(píng)價(jià)

任何關(guān)注全球創(chuàng)企生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的人都知道，fintech如此受追捧已經(jīng)不是一天兩天了。而過(guò)去一年中，大型銀行和金融機(jī)構(gòu)也開(kāi)始注意這一領(lǐng)域了。在向來(lái)是亞洲金融與貿(mào)易中心的新加坡國(guó)內(nèi)，MAS在fintech的“追隨者”中力壓群雄。

像MAS這樣的大型機(jī)構(gòu)長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)一直因行動(dòng)緩慢、不愿改變而備受詬病。通過(guò)這次盛事，MAS想要向新科技敞開(kāi)懷抱、充分利用其潛能并歡迎科技創(chuàng)企的。

Menon在演講中將智能手機(jī)比做神奇寶貝。“(它們)都是口袋大小的妖怪，蘊(yùn)藏的信息和擁有的處理能力比幾十年前的一臺(tái)超級(jí)電腦都大。”可見(jiàn)MAS現(xiàn)在有多“潮”。

打開(kāi)沙箱

此前，新加坡央行已經(jīng)宣布了一系列的前向性倡議。MAS想要建立一個(gè)fintech創(chuàng)企可以參與的監(jiān)管沙箱，并且不用擔(dān)心泄漏客戶(hù)數(shù)據(jù)(或金錢(qián)風(fēng)險(xiǎn))。就在今天，MAS公布了指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)，點(diǎn)名了該項(xiàng)目的目的并給出了參與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

MAS就公司使用云技術(shù)提供金融服務(wù)給出了指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)。Menon說(shuō)“曾經(jīng)一些人認(rèn)為'MAS不喜歡云服務(wù)'。為了徹底消除任何疑惑，我再次重申，MAS對(duì)于(金融機(jī)構(gòu))利用云服務(wù)沒(méi)有反對(duì)意見(jiàn)。”

MAS還成立了自己的創(chuàng)新實(shí)驗(yàn)室，命名為L(zhǎng)ooking Glass。實(shí)驗(yàn)室將實(shí)驗(yàn)fintech方案并為創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)提供咨詢(xún)。

上周，MAS放出12個(gè)基于其金融數(shù)據(jù)的API以供開(kāi)發(fā)者和金融機(jī)構(gòu)在產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)中使用。

最近引人注目的就是使用區(qū)塊鏈進(jìn)行大型銀行間的跨境支付。這項(xiàng)發(fā)展本身對(duì)于區(qū)塊鏈(比特幣之類(lèi)的核心技術(shù))的合法化來(lái)說(shuō)是邁出了一大步。每個(gè)人似乎都對(duì)區(qū)塊鏈?zhǔn)指信d趣，但沒(méi)人能夠確定地說(shuō)出該技術(shù)怎樣實(shí)際運(yùn)用最好。一張來(lái)自MAS這樣一家重要金融機(jī)構(gòu)的“信任票”可能可以將該技術(shù)帶入主流。

目前試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目中，銀行將現(xiàn)金存于MAS作為擔(dān)保，然后就會(huì)收到后者發(fā)放的電子貨幣。然后銀行在跨境交易中就可以使用這些電子貨幣，而不用再通過(guò)MAS傳送支付指令。

行業(yè)未來(lái)

以下是MAS針對(duì)新加坡fintech未來(lái)發(fā)展所計(jì)劃的路線(xiàn)圖：

1. 簡(jiǎn)化在線(xiàn)支付服務(wù)監(jiān)管，形成單一統(tǒng)一框架。Menon說(shuō)新加坡的電子錢(qián)包和電子支付創(chuàng)企顯然屬于fintech企業(yè)，但他們面臨著繁重的監(jiān)管條例，MAS想要通過(guò)模塊化執(zhí)照簡(jiǎn)化支付執(zhí)照，為每一家支付服務(wù)提供商理清相關(guān)監(jiān)管規(guī)章。

2. 關(guān)于使用機(jī)器人咨詢(xún)師和機(jī)器人保險(xiǎn)的指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)。MAS說(shuō)其對(duì)于這些服務(wù)的監(jiān)管框架是“科技不可知”的，但其應(yīng)該升級(jí)監(jiān)管框架，這樣用戶(hù)就可以得益于許多提供金融和保險(xiǎn)建議的電子服務(wù)。

3. 加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全。Menon宣布金融服務(wù)、信息共享和分享中心(總部位于美國(guó)，以共享網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊和情報(bào)為主)正與MAS合作在新加坡建立一網(wǎng)絡(luò)情報(bào)中心。

4. 統(tǒng)一無(wú)現(xiàn)金支付網(wǎng)絡(luò)。這包括“中央處理計(jì)劃”，讓人們屆時(shí)僅使用一段信息，比如收款人的手機(jī)號(hào)、身份證號(hào)或者電郵地址就能夠向其轉(zhuǎn)賬。這些信息將和各銀行賬戶(hù)綁定，所以付款人無(wú)需知道賬戶(hù)號(hào)就可轉(zhuǎn)錢(qián)。還有“統(tǒng)一銷(xiāo)售點(diǎn)終端”，商戶(hù)屆時(shí)可以用其接受所有信用卡支付，包括手機(jī)支付服務(wù)中的信用卡。

5. 建成一全國(guó)性“客戶(hù)了解”服務(wù)。MAS在此項(xiàng)上正與Govtech和其自己的Mylnfo合作。Mylnfo是一在線(xiàn)平臺(tái)，包含政府核準(zhǔn)的個(gè)人信息，如身份證號(hào)和住址，目前市民利用該平臺(tái)與政府進(jìn)行在線(xiàn)交易。MAS計(jì)劃將該平臺(tái)延伸至金融領(lǐng)域，幫助解決如重復(fù)填表和數(shù)據(jù)輸入錯(cuò)誤等問(wèn)題。

原文：

Singapore’s central bank is serious about fintech and it’s throwing a week-long party this week to show it.

The inaugural Fintech Festival features innovation lab crawls throughout the city-state, a spotlight on fintech startups, and a sprawling two-day event bringing attendees together with speakers and companies from all over the world.

Ravi Menon, managing director of the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), said that a total of 11,000 people from 50 countries are attending the festival week’s various events. That’s a whole lot of people interested in what happens next with financial technology.

High praise

Anyone who has an interest in startup ecosystems globally knows that fintech has been a big deal for a while. What’s changed in the past year or so? Large banks and financial institutions have started paying attention. And in Singapore, a lifelong financial and trading hub for Asia, it doesn’t get much larger than MAS.

Big institutions like MAS have been criticized for being slow-moving and resistant to change. Through this festival, MAS wants to show it’s anything but: it’s embracing new technology, taking advantage of its potential, and reaching out to tech startups.

During his speech, the director straight up compared smartphones to Pokemon. “[They are] pocket-sized monsters that pack more data and more processing power than super computers just a couple of decades ago.” That’s how hip MAS is these days.

Opening up the sandbox

The central bank has already announced a series of forward-facing initiatives.

It wants to set up a regulatory sandbox for fintech startups to play in without risking customers’ data (and money). In fact, it released guidelines for this sandbox just today, outlining the project’s objectives and criteria for participating.

It announced guidelines for companies using the cloud to offer financial services. “There used to be a view within some quarters that ‘MAS does not like the cloud,’” the director said. “Lest there be any lingering doubt, let me reiterate: MAS has no objections to [financial institutions] using the cloud.”

It launched its own innovation lab, called Looking Glass, to experiment with fintech solutions and provide consultation to startups.

And last week, it released 12 APIs based on its financial data for developers and financial institutions to use in their products and services.

The latest notable development is use of the blockchain to enable cross-border payments between major banks. In itself, that could be a big step toward legitimizing the technology that makes things like bitcoin possible – everyone seems to be excited about the blockchain, but few are sure how it can be best applied on the ground. A vote of confidence from a key financial institution like MAS could bring it into the mainstream.

Plans for the current pilot involve banks depositing cash with MAS as collateral and receiving MAS-issued digital currency in exchange. They can then move funds to other banks in cross-border transactions using thatcurrency instead of sending payment instructions through MAS.

Going forward

Here are some more things MAS is planning for fintech in Singapore:

1. Streamlined regulations for online payments services into a single, unified framework.The director said that ewallet and payment startups in Singapore are some of the most visible fintech players but their services face complex regulations. MAS wants to simplify payments licensing through a modular license that clarifies the relevant regulations for each payment provider.

2. Guidelines for the use of robo-advisors and insurance.MAS says its regulatory framework for these services is “technology agnostic,” but it needs updating so that users can benefit from the broad range of digital services offering financial and insurance advice.

3. Stronger cyber-security.The director announced that the Financial Services – Information Sharing and Analysis Center, the US-based organization for the sharing of information on cyber threats and intelligence, is working with MAS to set up a cyber intelligence center in Singapore.

4. A unified network for cashless payments.This includes a “central addressing scheme” that will allow people to pay someone using only one piece of information – the recipient’s mobile number, national ID number, or email address. These will be tied to the respective bank account number, so the payer doesn’t need to know it in order to transfer money to them. It also involves a “unified point-of-sale terminal” that will allow merchants to accept all major credit cards, including those within smartphone payment services.

5. A national know-your-customer utility.MAS is working with Govtech and its MyInfo service for this one: MyInfo is an online platform that contains government-verified personal information like national ID number and home address, and is currently used for citizens’ online transactions with the government. The plan is to expand this to the financial industry to help with problems like repetitive form-filling and data entry errors.

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