Gartner預測：顛覆IT運營的十大趨勢?| 雙語

編者：T客匯 楊麗

核心提示：當CIO們忙著擴大公司信息技術的影響力，利用數(shù)字化帶來的紅利提供服務時，他們?nèi)孕枰_保IT運營的卓越性。

在Gartner Symposium/ITxpo?會上，Gartner 分析師 David Cappuccio表示，盡管IT技術的應用范圍更為廣泛，但也必須保持優(yōu)秀的IT運營能力。否則，IT運營能力的下滑，后果將會非常嚴重，特別是當客戶非常依賴數(shù)字化的今天。

例如，他提到，如果失去一位客戶，那么想要再將客戶贏回，那么幾乎要花四倍的價錢。如果IT運營能力不夠優(yōu)秀的話，那么客戶基本留不住。

但是，如果能利用如今的工具和最好的實施辦法，甚至都不擁有自己的基礎設施，頂尖的IT細分部門將會比之前更好的運營自己的技術架構(gòu)?！叭绻苷_運用，那么你可以集中管控，分配并自動化管理?！?/p>

Cappuccio指出，未來影響IT運營的十大技術趨勢主要分布在三個領域：戰(zhàn)略，技術，組織。如下：

1.Disappearing data centers

It’s no secret that organizations are now equally as infatuated with the cloud as they were once wary of it. It’s important to remember that “even those these workloads are moving, we in IT are still responsible for them,” said Cappuccio. So IT has to get really smart about what to put in the cloud and where, and always think of the downstream effects on things such as storage and bandwidth.

1、數(shù)據(jù)中心正在消失

此前，IT部門對云計算憂心忡忡，如今他們同樣也被云計算帶來的紅利沖昏了頭腦。“就算有大量工作流程正在遷移，但IT技術的重要性仍然不可磨滅，”Cappuccio提到。因此，IT部門必須要明確認識到：哪些數(shù)據(jù)遷至云端，上了云又遷到哪個位置，并且還要時刻考慮存儲和帶寬等問題的下游影響。

2.Interconnect fabrics

With more services and applications being connected to different clouds and vendors as well back to internal systems, IT needs to orchestrate the ways they all interconnect in a purposeful manner. They ultimately want “services delivered from the right place, for the right price, from the right platform.”

2、互聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)

隨著越來越多的服務和應用開始連接到不同的云和供應商內(nèi)部系統(tǒng)，IT技術需要有目的性地針對互聯(lián)方式進行編排。IT技術的使用者最終希望“從正確的地方，以正確的價格，在正確的平臺上提供服務”。

3. Containers, microservices, and application streams

Containers represent the new technology to embody agile development and deliver applications in faster and more modular ways. “It makes IT a much more dynamic entity.”

3、容器、微服務和應用程序流

容器代表著以更快的速度，更具模塊化的方式，實現(xiàn)靈敏開發(fā)，并交付應用程序的新技術。這使得IT技術成為一個更為動態(tài)的實體。

4.Business-driven IT

“At least 29% of IT spend is outside the IT organization.” That’s because IT and its processes are too slow and cumbersome, so business units just outsource it themselves. IT needs to reset the playing field, not to get more control but to get more involved.

4、商業(yè)驅(qū)動IT

“至少有29%的IT預算并沒有用在IT部門?！边@是因為IT技術及運行過程太慢太繁瑣，因此業(yè)務部門常常將技術外包。需要將IT技術重新作出規(guī)劃，提升技術的參與度而非控制力。

5.Data Center as a Service

Cappuccio’s message here was that “it’s about the application, not the infrastructure” and “it’s not about ‘my data center’—it’s about delivering compute resources to the business, the best way possible.”

5、數(shù)據(jù)中心即服務

Cappuccio還提到，“數(shù)據(jù)中心即服務與應用平臺相關，而非基礎架構(gòu)。不要認為這是‘我的’數(shù)據(jù)中心，而是要認為為業(yè)務提供計算資源。這或許是最好的方式?！?/p>

6.Stranded capacity

Sysadmins have one primary metric: if it’s red, fix it, and if it’s green, leave it alone. The problem with that is that lots of green things take up resources and cost money even after they no longer serve a purpose. That’s how we end up with ghost servers and VM creep. It has to apply discipline to this in order to manage costs.

6、能力擱淺

Sysadmin（系統(tǒng)管理程序）有一個主要指標：如果是紅色，就進行修改。如果是綠色，就不用管了。不過，問題在于，這些大量的綠色指標占用資源，甚至在他們不再為目的服務后也十分費錢。因此，數(shù)據(jù)服務中線附近的近28%的物理服務器是幽靈服務器或僵尸服務器。因此，必須通過制度來管理成本。

7.Impact of the IoT

IoT projects and deployments are popping up everywhere from business units chasing new business value. However, they are creating a tremendous amount of complexity, vendor lock-in, and integration challenges. The relative immaturity of IoT also makes it a bit difficult for IT to get its arms around it.

7、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術的影響

從業(yè)務部門到追逐新的業(yè)務價值，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)項目及部署隨處可見。但這也同時帶來了復雜性、被供應商綁定、以及集成上的眾多挑戰(zhàn)。相對來說，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)并不十分成熟，使得IT技術也不能很好發(fā)揮出物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的作用。

8.Remote device (thing) management

For Cappuccio, the lack of an industry standard IoT software platform means that IT will be called on to integrate IoT products and deployments. “At some point, IT is going to have to support these things.” For that reason, IT needs to think about architecting a solution for when the organization moves to an enterprise-wide IoT strategy. It’s bound to happen as IoT matures and proliferates, and if IT doesn’t act then the organizations could end up with dozens of incompatible systems.

8、遠程設備管理

由于IOT軟件平臺缺乏行業(yè)標準，這意味著IT技術需要集成在IOT產(chǎn)品和部署中?！霸谀撤N程度上，IT技術也不得不支持這些事情。因此，當IT部門轉(zhuǎn)向企業(yè)級IOT戰(zhàn)略部署時，IT技術需要構(gòu)建相應的解決方案。隨著IOT的不斷成熟和發(fā)展，這種情況必然會發(fā)生。如果IT技術沒有得到相應的升級，那么IT部門最終會遇到幾十個不兼容系統(tǒng)的麻煩?！?/p>

9.Micro and edge computing environments

With today’s enterprises pushing massive amounts of data to many different clouds and backend systems, performance can become an issue. This can become especially problematic when uber-fast, real-time data analysis or machine learning is in play. That’s why smart IT departments are architecting new networks that can push processing out to the “edge” of the network.

9、微型和邊緣計算環(huán)境

隨著當今企業(yè)將大量數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)讲煌脑破脚_和后端系統(tǒng)，性能則成為需要邁過的一道坎兒。尤其是在快速迭代、實時更新的數(shù)據(jù)分析或機器學習發(fā)揮作用時，這個問題尤為明顯。這就是為什么聰明的IT部門正在構(gòu)建新的網(wǎng)絡，可以將網(wǎng)絡計算過程“邊緣化”。

10.New roles in IT

With all of these tectonic plates shifting, it creates the demand for different types of job roles that IT hasn’t had in the past. The slide below shows the six that Cappuccio has flagged. He stressed that IoT Architect is one that Gartner is pushing and Strategy Architect is one who plans out API-powered ecosystems (like the ones mentioned in Sondergaard’s keynote).

10、IT技術新角色

現(xiàn)在，所有以上內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)移，產(chǎn)生了不同IT崗位角色的需求。他強調(diào)，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu)師（Gartner Architect）是Gartner正強調(diào)的一個崗位，而戰(zhàn)略架構(gòu)師（Strategy Architect）的任務正是為了建立API接口驅(qū)動的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。

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