華為輪值董事長(zhǎng)徐直軍回應(yīng)美議員：華為威脅論顯示其對(duì)科學(xué)的無(wú)知

極客網(wǎng)·網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信7月24日，針對(duì)日前美國(guó)共和黨參議員盧比奧（Marco Rubio）等要求調(diào)查華為和和美國(guó)數(shù)十所高校的研究合作項(xiàng)目，質(zhì)疑華為與美國(guó)大學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)科研合作項(xiàng)目是否會(huì)對(duì)美國(guó)國(guó)家安全構(gòu)成威脅的言論，華為輪值董事長(zhǎng)徐直軍撰文做出了回應(yīng)。

徐直軍表示，這些行為顯示了他們對(duì)科學(xué)的無(wú)知。他說(shuō)，“我并不想進(jìn)行人身攻擊。相反，我只是希望強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)術(shù)自由的重要性。學(xué)術(shù)自由是現(xiàn)代大學(xué)的基本屬性，是一切科技進(jìn)步的基石，有助于培養(yǎng)下一代科研人才。”

他指出，學(xué)術(shù)自由是高等教育的基石。正是由于美國(guó)大學(xué)能保持學(xué)術(shù)自由，不受政治和外部因素干擾，才吸納了全球最優(yōu)秀的人才到美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)和研究，成就了美國(guó)的全球技術(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者地位。華為資助美國(guó)大學(xué)進(jìn)行基礎(chǔ)研究，研究成果將造福大眾，并不會(huì)像外界批評(píng)所說(shuō)的那樣會(huì)對(duì)美國(guó)構(gòu)成威脅。

值得一提的是，盧比奧（Marco Rubio）7月23日還在社交媒體推特上發(fā)文稱：“如果美國(guó)不搞倒中興，就永遠(yuǎn)搞不倒像華為這樣規(guī)模更大的公司?！北┞读似涓畹俟痰摹半u蛋里挑骨頭”思維。

以下為徐直軍回復(fù)原文：

美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)對(duì)華為與大學(xué)合作項(xiàng)目的質(zhì)疑是錯(cuò)誤的

華為資助美國(guó)大學(xué)進(jìn)行基礎(chǔ)研究，研究成果將造福大眾，不會(huì)對(duì)美國(guó)構(gòu)成威脅

徐直軍

不久前，幾名美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)議員嚴(yán)厲地批評(píng)了華為，還要求美國(guó)教育部長(zhǎng)調(diào)查華為與美國(guó)大學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)科研合作項(xiàng)目是否會(huì)對(duì)美國(guó)國(guó)家安全構(gòu)成威脅。我認(rèn)為這些行為顯示了他們對(duì)科學(xué)的無(wú)知。最近在接受媒體采訪時(shí)，我提到這些批評(píng)是“無(wú)知的”。

我并不想進(jìn)行人身攻擊。相反，我只是希望強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)術(shù)自由的重要性。學(xué)術(shù)自由是現(xiàn)代大學(xué)的基本屬性，是一切科技進(jìn)步的基石，有助于培養(yǎng)下一代科研人才。

學(xué)術(shù)自由是高等教育的基石。正是由于美國(guó)大學(xué)能保持學(xué)術(shù)自由，不受政治和外部因素干擾，才吸納了全球最優(yōu)秀的人才到美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)和研究，成就了美國(guó)的全球技術(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者地位。

我是一位從事過(guò)基礎(chǔ)研究的工學(xué)博士。根據(jù)美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)基金會(huì)的定義，“基礎(chǔ)研究”是指“致力于獲取新知識(shí)或理念，但不考慮具體流程或產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用的活動(dòng)”。

企業(yè)的研發(fā)活動(dòng)主要聚焦商業(yè)應(yīng)用，而大學(xué)則關(guān)注數(shù)學(xué)、算法、材料科學(xué)等不太可能創(chuàng)造收益的應(yīng)用。即使某個(gè)研究項(xiàng)目最終會(huì)產(chǎn)生回報(bào)，從理論研究到商業(yè)化可能需要花費(fèi)數(shù)十年時(shí)間。

大學(xué)與企業(yè)的合作能夠有效縮短這個(gè)過(guò)程。企業(yè)、學(xué)術(shù)界和研究機(jī)構(gòu)之間的知識(shí)和資源交換（也稱“知識(shí)轉(zhuǎn)移”）已經(jīng)成為推動(dòng)科技進(jìn)步的關(guān)鍵動(dòng)力。

然而，過(guò)去十年間，美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府向大學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目提供的資金在持續(xù)下降，如今占大學(xué)總研究資金的比例低于50%。

余下的大部分資金來(lái)自華為等企業(yè)提供的贊助。華為向美國(guó)大學(xué)提供的研究資金相對(duì)有限，去年約為1,000萬(wàn)美元。但我們提供的支持正是大學(xué)所需要的，包括資金、場(chǎng)地和實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備等支持。同時(shí)，我們也為在校研究生、大學(xué)生們創(chuàng)造了豐富的培訓(xùn)和實(shí)踐機(jī)會(huì)。在提供這些支持的時(shí)候，我們并不期望能獲得直接商業(yè)回報(bào)。

華為資助美國(guó)大學(xué)進(jìn)行基礎(chǔ)研究，研究成果將造福大眾，并不會(huì)像外界批評(píng)所說(shuō)的那樣會(huì)對(duì)美國(guó)構(gòu)成威脅。

我們與大學(xué)的研究成果通過(guò)教授、博士和研究生們的論文形式公開(kāi)發(fā)布。

2017年，華為在研發(fā)領(lǐng)域投入138億美元，過(guò)去十年華為的全球研發(fā)總投入超過(guò)600億美元。華為在全球各國(guó)已經(jīng)有近8萬(wàn)件專利獲得授權(quán)，其中在美國(guó)授權(quán)專利近一萬(wàn)件，許多還是電信業(yè)的基本專利，這對(duì)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展也是一個(gè)貢獻(xiàn)。

任何基礎(chǔ)研究項(xiàng)目要造福社會(huì)是一個(gè)艱辛而且漫長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程，需要大學(xué)與企業(yè)緊密合作，需要無(wú)數(shù)科學(xué)家、工程師們長(zhǎng)期艱苦奮斗，他們的努力和貢獻(xiàn)應(yīng)該受到尊重，而不是肆意指責(zé)。

一個(gè)開(kāi)放的政治領(lǐng)袖，應(yīng)該要致力于維護(hù)美國(guó)大學(xué)的學(xué)術(shù)自由，才能推動(dòng)美國(guó)的科技進(jìn)步。同時(shí)，政治領(lǐng)袖要像全球領(lǐng)先科學(xué)家一樣具備深度洞察力、好奇心和實(shí)事求是精神。

英文原文

Congress is wrong to question Huawei’s academic partnerships

The fruits of the research we fund are a public good not a threat to America

Eric Xu

Jul 19, 2018

Recently my company Huawei was strongly criticised by several members of the US Congress. They asked the US secretary of education to investigate whether our co-operation with US universities on basic scientific research might threaten US national security. I believe this criticism displays an ignorance of how contemporary science and innovation work and I recently described it as “ ill-informed” in a media interview.

I did not mean this as a personal attack. Rather I was seeking to highlight the importance of academic freedom as an essential feature of modern universities, one that underpins all technological development and helps cultivate the next generation of scientific talent.

Academic freedom is the cornerstone of higher learning. This freedom from political and other interference allows the US consistently to attract the world’s brightest minds to study and conduct research within its borders. It also supports the US’s continued status as a global technology leader.

I hold a doctorate in engineering and have experience in basic research, which the National Science Foundation defines as “study directed toward greater knowledge or understanding?.?.?.?without specific applications toward processes or products”.

While corporate research and development tends to focus on commercial outcomes, universities devote time to mathematics, algorithms, material science and other applications that might never make money. Even if the research pays off eventually, closing the gap between a theory and a commercial product can take decades.

Collaboration between universities and businesses can accelerate this process. The exchange of knowledge and resources among the private sector, academia, and research institutes, known as knowledge transfer, has become a vital driver of scientific and technological progress.

But US federal funding for higher education research has fallen steadily over the past decade. Today it represents less than 50 per cent of total American university research funding.

Corporate sponsorship from companies such as Huawei provides much of the rest. The amount of money we allocate for research at US universities is relatively modest — approximately $10m last year. But it provides needed support in the form of funding, facilities, and laboratory equipment. Our collaboration with universities gives college and postgraduate students the chance to receive training and hands-on experience. We provide this support with no expectation of direct commercial return.

Contrary to what our critics allege, the fruits of this research constitute a public good rather than a threat to America.

The findings made possible through our university partnerships are published and disseminated worldwide through dissertations and papers by professors, PhDs, and postgraduate students.

Like other corporate supporters of university research — including US businesses that support Chinese universities — Huawei does not gain exclusive ownership of, or access to, the findings of the research we support and we do not dictate what is published.

Science is borderless, and we hope that the results of our partnerships will reach as many people as possible.

Like any technology company, Huawei benefits from the general advancement of science and technology worldwide. Ultimately, however, our ability to provide competitive products is a result of our own long-term investment in R&D.

Last year, Huawei invested $13.8 billion in research and development globally, bringing our total investment over the past decade to more than $60 billion. Huawei has been granted nearly 80,000 patents worldwide, including 10,000 patents in the US. Many of these are essential patents vital to the telecommunications industry. As such, they represent our modest contribution to the development of the digital economy.

Before any basic research can deliver tangible benefits to society, universities and businesses must set off together on a long and sometimes arduous journey. This requires unstinting work by countless scientists and engineers. Such people deserve respect, not groundless accusations from sceptical politicians, for their efforts.

Open-minded political leaders should work to ensure that US universities continue to enjoy the academic freedom that drives American progress in science and technology. Ideally, they will bring to that task the same depth of understanding, curiosity, and spirit of fact-finding inquiry displayed by the world’s leading scientists.

The writer currently holds the rotating chairmanship of Huawei.

生成海報(bào)

免責(zé)聲明：本網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容主要來(lái)自原創(chuàng)、合作伙伴供稿和第三方自媒體作者投稿，凡在本網(wǎng)站出現(xiàn)的信息，均僅供參考。本網(wǎng)站將盡力確保所提供信息的準(zhǔn)確性及可靠性，但不保證有關(guān)資料的準(zhǔn)確性及可靠性，讀者在使用前請(qǐng)進(jìn)一步核實(shí)，并對(duì)任何自主決定的行為負(fù)責(zé)。本網(wǎng)站對(duì)有關(guān)資料所引致的錯(cuò)誤、不確或遺漏，概不負(fù)任何法律責(zé)任。任何單位或個(gè)人認(rèn)為本網(wǎng)站中的網(wǎng)頁(yè)或鏈接內(nèi)容可能涉嫌侵犯其知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)或存在不實(shí)內(nèi)容時(shí)，應(yīng)及時(shí)向本網(wǎng)站提出書面權(quán)利通知或不實(shí)情況說(shuō)明，并提供身份證明、權(quán)屬證明及詳細(xì)侵權(quán)或不實(shí)情況證明。本網(wǎng)站在收到上述法律文件后，將會(huì)依法盡快聯(lián)系相關(guān)文章源頭核實(shí)，溝通刪除相關(guān)內(nèi)容或斷開(kāi)相關(guān)鏈接。